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1.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2020. 122 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1519125

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral: analisar a percepção de saúde sexual das profissionais educadoras sociais de unidades de acolhimento institucional de adolescentes do Município de Duque de Caxias e, como objetivos específicos: Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico das profissionais educadoras sociais de unidades de acolhimento de adolescentes; descrever a compreensão das profissionais educadoras sociais sobre saúde sexual. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, descritivo-exploratória realizada através de entrevistas estruturadas com 10 educadoras sociais de duas unidades de acolhimento institucional para adolescentes no período de março a junho de 2019. As entrevistas foram trabalhadas à luz da Análise de Conteúdo, emergindo a categoria "A saúde sexual sob o olhar dos educadoras sociais", subdividida em três subcategorias: A ótica conceitual da saúde sexual pelas educadoras sociais; Percepção da condição pessoal de saúde sexual das próprias educadoras sociais; Ações de autocuidado com a Saúde Sexual. Principais Resultados: as educadoras sociais encontram-se na faixa etária entre 42 a 64 anos, algumas em idade reprodutiva, casadas, com ensino médio completo, evangélicas, vínculo trabalhista na instituição de 15 meses a 18 anos. No que diz respeito à concepção das educadoras sociais acerca da saúde sexual, apresentam conceito ampliado, ou seja, para além do biológico, contemplando o seu bem-estar geral. Destacam a sexualidade como parte da saúde sexual, porém permeada de tabus e preconceitos, influenciada pela visão de mundo e família que aponta vivências a partir de normas, regras e condutas. Percebem-se saudáveis pela inexistência da doença. Entretanto, suas práticas sexuais são desprotegidas, por confiarem no parceiro. Estabelecem a monogamia, o planejamento reprodutivo e os cuidados com o corpo como ações de autocuidado para sua saúde sexual. Considerações: cabe destacar que as educadoras sociais de unidades de acolhimento apresentam-se, ainda, com fragilidades sobre sua saúde sexual, podendo influenciar nas ações de cuidados junto aos adolescentes em situação de acolhimento.


This work aimed to analyze the perception of sexual health of social educator professionals from institutional reception units of adolescents in the municipality of Duque de Caxias and as specific objectives: To characterize the sociodemographic profile of social educator professionals from adolescent reception units; to describe the understanding of social educator professionals about sexual health. Method: Qualitative, descriptive-exploratory research conducted through structured interviews with ten social educators from two institutional reception units for adolescents from March to June 2019. The interviews were worked in the light of Content Analysis, emerging from the category "Sexual health under the gaze of social educators", subdivided into three subcategories: The conceptual perspective of sexual health by social educators; Perception of the personal sexual health condition of the social educators themselves; Self-care with Sexual Health. Main Results: Social educators are aged between 42 and 64 years, some of reproductive age, married, with complete high school, evangelical, labor bond in the institution from 15 months to 18 years. With regard to the conception of social educators about sexual health, they present an expanded concept, that is, in addition to biological, contemplating their general well-being. They highlight sexuality as part of sexual health, but permeated by taboos and prejudices, influenced by the world and family view that points to living based on norms, rules and conducts. They perceive themselves healthy by the absence of the disease. However, their sexual practices are unprotected because they trust the partner. They establish monogamy, reproductive planning and body care as self-care actions for their sexual health. Considerations: It is worth mentioning that the social educators of reception units are also with weaknesses over their sexual health, and can influence the care actions among adolescents in a welcoming situation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , User Embracement , Faculty , Sexual Health , Institutionalization , Brazil , Nursing Methodology Research , Health of Institutionalized Adolescents
2.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 47(5): 519-527, out. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-604374

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: As infecções respiratórias agudas (IRAs) constituem importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade em crianças nos países em desenvolvimento. A etiologia viral dessas infecções nem sempre é conhecida no Brasil, e estudos sobre as IRAs virais em crianças com doenças de base (DBs) são escassos. OBJETIVO: Determinar a etiologia viral dessas infecções em menores de 5 anos assistidos no Instituto Fernandes Figueira da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas 285 amostras de aspirado de nasofaringe, obtidas de 204 crianças com IRA, de maio de 2005 a junho de 2006. RESULTADOS: Por meio da imunofluorescência indireta (IFI), 90 amostras (31,6 por cento) foram positivas: 21,4 por cento vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR); 3,5 por cento adenovírus (Ad); 3,1 por cento parainfluenza (PF) 3; 2,5 por cento influenza (Flu) A; 0,7 por cento PF 1; 0,4 por cento Flu B. Das 195 negativas, 156 foram testadas para metapneumovírus humano (MPVh), com 15 positivas (9,6 por cento das amostras testadas). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência viral nos serviços de ambulatórios foi de 42,8 por cento e nos hospitalizados foi de 30 por cento. Das crianças, 83,3 por cento possuíam uma ou mais DBs associadas às IRAs, resultando em longos períodos de internação. Algumas delas tiveram múltiplas internações e múltiplos diagnósticos clínicos de IRA no período estudado.


INTRODUCTION: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. The viral etiology of such infections is not always known in Brazil. Furthermore, studies on viral ARIs in children with underlying diseases (UD) are scanty. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the viral etiology of these infections among children under 5 years of age treated at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro. METHOD: Two hundred and eighty-five samples of nasopharyngeal aspirate, which had been obtained from 204 children with ARI from May/2005 to June/2006, were analyzed. RESULTS: Samples were tested through indirect immunofluorescence assay and 90 of them (31.6 percent) were positive for the following viral agents: respiratory syncytial virus (21.4 percent), adenovirus (3.5 percent), parainfluenza 3 (3.1 percent), influenza A (2.5 percent), parainfluenza 1 (0.7 percent), and influenza B (0.4 percent). One hundred and ninety-five samples were negative, from which 156 were tested for human metapneumovirus, and 15 of them (9.6 percent) were positive. CONCLUSION: The viral prevalence among outpatients was 42.8 percent and among inpatients it was 30 percent; 83.3 percent of the children were carriers of one or more UD associated with ARI, resulting in long-term admission to hospital. Some children had multiple admissions and multiple clinical diagnoses of ARI during the studied period.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology , Virus Diseases
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 37(4): 587-589, Oct.-Dec. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-442218

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to determine the performance of latex agglutination test (LAT) for evaluating children acute gastroenteritis by rotavirus. The LAT showed good sensitivity, as well as specificity and predictive positive value and due to its simplicity and speed, it has been suitable for rotavirus diagnosis in hospital laboratories.


O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o desempenho do teste de aglutinação em látex (TAL), no diagnóstico das gastroenterites agudas em crianças, causadas por rotavírus. O TAL mostrou boa sensibilidade, especificidade e valor preditivo positivo e devido à sua simplicidade e rapidez, o teste é apropriado para uso em hospitais para o diagnóstico de rotaviroses.


Subject(s)
Child , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Gastroenteritis , In Vitro Techniques , Rotavirus , Latex Fixation Tests , Methods , Sampling Studies
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(1): 31-38, Feb. 2006. mapas, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-430837

ABSTRACT

The geographic information system approach has permitted integration between demographic, socio-economic and environmental data, providing correlation between information from several data banks. In the current work, occurrence of human and canine visceral leishmaniases and insect vectors (Lutzomyia longipalpis) as well as biogeographic information related to 9 areas that comprise the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, between April 2001 and March 2002 were correlated and georeferenced. By using this technique it was possible to define concentration loci of canine leishmaniasis in the following regions: East; Northeast; Northwest; West; and Venda Nova. However, as for human leishmaniasis, it was not possible to perform the same analysis. Data analysis has also shown that 84.2 percent of the human leishmaniasis cases were related with canine leishmaniasis cases. Concerning biogeographic (altitude, area of vegetation influence, hydrographic, and areas of poverty) analysis, only altitude showed to influence emergence of leishmaniasis cases. A number of 4673 canine leishmaniasis cases and 64 human leishmaniasis cases were georeferenced, of which 67.5 and 71.9 percent, respectively, were living between 780 and 880 m above the sea level. At these same altitudes, a large number of phlebotomine sand flies were collected. Therefore, we suggest control measures for leishmaniasis in the city of Belo Horizonte, giving priority to canine leishmaniasis foci and regions at altitudes between 780 and 880 m.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dogs , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Geographic Information Systems , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Brazil/epidemiology , Geography , Prevalence , Psychodidae
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